By: Paul Shotton
In Doomed To Fail the author explains why, because people have individual agency, human society is a complex adaptive system (CAS). CAS have several important properties: they are highly non-linear, tending to obey power laws, and are deeply interconnected, rendering invalid classic techniques such as breaking a system down into individual components, having experts solve each component separately, and then reconstituting the whole. This method will work for systems which are complicated, but not for systems which are mathematically complex. As in the world of quantum mechanics, there is no independence between the system under observation and the people doing the observing, resulting in the...
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